Powdered soap and method of making same



Fatent I Apr. 29 l9.

JOB Lum am) nnanunaosan'n, or rnnnmxsran, nonwnr, assrenoas mo na NORDISKE renames, or CHRISTIANIA, noawar.

POWDEBED SOAP AND METHOD 01E MAKING SAME.

No Era v To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, JAKoB LUND, a citizen of the Kingdom of Norway, and HERMANN HAUSAMANN, a citizen of the Swiss Republic, both residing at Fredrikstad, Norway, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Powdered Soap and Methods of Making Same, of which i the following is a specification.

Our invention relates to soap and more especially to wdered soap or soap powder and its particular object is a high grade soap powder pre ared from liquid oils and fats. Another 0 ject of our invention is a method of manufacturing such soap powder in a simple and eifective manner.

Heretofore liquid oils and fats, and especially the drying oils, have not been utilized in the manufacture of soap powder for the reason that the soap obtained therefrom was soft and unstable, the addition of great uantities of soda being re uired to] dry t em to some extent and put t em in a condition in which they are capable of being ground. q

We have now ascertained that the soda soaps of liquid oils, fish oils and the like can be easlly transformed into products permanently stable and} capable of being ground, if they are subjected at high temperatures to a treatment adapted to highly concentrate them.- This phenomenon is due primarily to the fact that the concentration is accompanied by chemical conversions which are ,fnade evident for instance by a lowering of the iodine titer and probthat the soap would burn on to the vesseland would be destroyed.

We have now ascertained that, contrary to what couId be expected, the concentration can be carried out easily by carefully distilling away water from the soap in an autoclave under increased pressure. In distilling 0d the water we prefer to apply Application filed HarchIS, 1920. Serial No. 367,250.

temperatures between 180 and 200 degr. (3. n order to maintain the concentrated soap in a liquid state. Varying quantities of an alkali may be added if deemed.

The temperatures mentioned above exert a favorable influence on soap prepared from impure oils and fats in so far as they cause the coloring matter and the odoriferous constituent; of the soap to be distilled over or to be destroyed more easily. The distillation is performed in the following manner. The soap mass is heated in the closed vessel up to about 200 (1., and then a steam outlet is carefull o ened, so that part of the water can disti o but the pressure remain constant.

In soap prepared from drying oils, train oils, etc. the combination of the high temperature and the pressure causes chemical reactions to take place (polymerization), necessary for the stability and durability of the soap powder, which through these reactions become quite resistant to the oxidizing influence of the air.

By the simple treatment described above a high-grade light-colored, odourless soap Such powder is greatly superior to the powder obtained by the atomizing and subsequent evaporation of soap which has not undergone the process of concentration, inasmuch as it is not possible to produce an efiicient drying and eva oration of the water from disintegrated or inary soap, most of the moisture being retained by the. coarse crumbs of soap which, moreover, when heated too highly will coalesce and stick together and lose their powderous condition.

We claim 1. The process of making soap, which consists in saponi-fying liquid drying fats and oils, heating the saponified mass under pressure and at a relatively high distillation temperature, and allowing the steam thus formed to escape, while maintaining the pressure.

2. The process of makin soaps which consists in, saponifying liqui drying fats and oils, heating the saponified mass under pressure and up to about 200 C., and allowing the accumulated steam thus formed to escape fora period of time.

3. The process of making soaps, which consists in saponifying liquid drying fats and oils, substantially with the exclusion of tjure, and permitting the accumulated steam thus formed to escape for a period of time. While substantially maintaining the pressure.

4. The process of making soap powder, which consists in saponifying liquid drying fats and oils, heating the saponified mass under pressure and at a temperature up to about 200 (1., allowing the accumulated steam thus formed to escape for a period of time while substantially maintaining the pressure, continuing the heating until the desired concentration of the saponified mass meaa'ra is obtained, and reducing the resultant hardened saponified mass to powder.

5. The process of making soaps, which consists in saponifying liquid drying fats and oils, heating the saponified mass in the presence of alkali under pressure and at a temperature up to substantially 200 C., allowing the accumulated steam thus formed to escape for a period of time and maintaining the pressure until the desired concentration of the saponified mass is obtained.

In testimony whereof We aflix our signatures.

JAKOB LUND. H. HAUSAMANN. 

